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| Random access memory |
| Thursday, March 08, 2007 |
Random Access Memory (usually known by its acronym, RAM) is a type of data storage used in computers. It takes the form of integrated circuits that allow the stored data to be accessed in any order — that is, at random and without the physical movement of the storage medium or a physical reading head.
The word "random" refers to the fact that any piece of data can be returned quickly, and in a constant time, regardless of its physical location and whether or not it is related to the previous piece of data. This contrasts with storage mechanisms such as tapes, magnetic disks and optical disks, which rely on the physical movement of the recording medium or a reading head. In these devices, the movement takes longer than the data transfer, and the retrieval time varies depending on the physical location of the next item.
Early main memory systems built from vacuum tubes, such as the Williams tube, behaved much like modern RAM, except that they failed frequently. Core memory, which used wires threaded through small ferrite electromagnetic donuts, was highly reliable and non-volatile, with access times of a few microseconds. The term “core” is still used by some programmers to describe the RAM main memory of a computer. The basic concepts of tube and core memory are used in modern RAM implemented with integrated circuits. Alternative primary storage mechanisms usually involved a non-uniform delay for memory access. Delay line memory used a sequence of sound wave pulses in mercury-filled tubes to hold a series of bits. Drum memory acted much like the modern hard disk, storing data magnetically in circular tracks, but with a read/write head for each track. (See primary storage for a greater discussion of these alternatives and others.) |
posted by Coky Day blog's @ 5:53 PM  |
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